Pulling on the baby’s head during birth can damage the delicate nerve fibres in the neck which send signals to the muscle in the iris which dilates the pupil.
Some people have a difference in pupil size from birth, particularly if forceps were used during delivery. This difference in pupil size is not linked with any underlying condition. This difference is the same, regardless of whether they are in a dark room or in bright light. Many people have a difference of up to 1mm between the two pupils. The pupil also becomes smaller when we focus on something close-up, thereby helping the eye to focus an image onto the back of the eye. In bright light, the pupils become smaller so the light doesn’t dazzle us. In a dark room, the pupils become bigger to let more light in, so we can still see. By changing the pupil size, light more or less enters the eye. The iris is a ring-shaped muscle - more precisely, it contains two muscles, one to make the pupil bigger, and the other to make the pupil smaller. The pupil is the ‘hole’ in the centre of the iris, the blue/brown part at the front of the eye. Is this something to be concerned about if you notice it in your child?ĭr Annegret Dahlmann-Noor, director of the children’s eye service at Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, discusses this issue in this informative article for parents and carers. However, it’s possible that they are different sizes. It goes without saying that our pupils are an incredibly useful part of our eyes because of how they automatically adjust to light, allowing us to adapt to our environment in an instant.
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